MIMIC Total Precipitable Water (TPW) product

The National Hurricane Center initiated Invest 91 to monitor the potential development of a subtropical or even possibly a tropical cyclone over the western Atlantic Ocean on 20 April 2011. AWIPS images of the MIMIC Total Precipitable Water (TPW) product (above; click image to play animation) showed that a tongue of moisture was being advected northward from the band of higher moisture along the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) — and this moisture plume was being wrapped into the circulation of the developing disturbance.

A closer look at the MIMIC TPW product at 14:00 UTC along with an overlay of ASCAT scatterometer winds (below) revealed a well-defined cyclonic circulation at the surface, with gale force winds within the northwest quadrant of the storm.

MIMIC TPW product + ASCAT surface winds + Surface analysis

GOES-13 0.63 µm visible channel images

Animations of GOES-13 0.63 µm visible channel images (above) and GOES-13 10.7 µm IR channel images (below) from the CIMSS Tropical Cyclones site continued to show very well-defined cyclonic circulations associated with the feature on 22 April 2011.

GOES-13 10.7 µm IR images

GOES-13 6.5 µm water vapor channel images (below) indicated that dry mid-tropospheric air was wrapping into the system from the south and east.

GOES-13 6.5 µm water vapor channel images

A comparison of AWIPS images of the POES AVHRR 0.86 µm visible channel with ASCAT scatterometer surface wind data (below) revealed the development of deep convective elements just to the north of the low-level circulation center.

POES AVHRR 0.86 µm visible image + ASCAT scatterometer surface winds

A sequence of three POES AVHRR 0.86 µm visible channel images (below) showed the evolution of the convective elements associated with the disturbance during the day.

POES AVHRR 0.66 µm visible channel images

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GOES-13 0.63 µm visible channel images (click image to play animation)

Large wildfires continued to burn out of control across much of Texas on 15 April 2010. McIDAS images of GOES-13 0.63 µm visible channel data (above; click image to play animation) showed the growth of a number of very long smoke plumes which were fanned out by strong northerly and northwesterly winds in the wake of a cold frontal passage. The GOES-13 satellite had been placed into Rapid Scan Operations (RSO), providing images as frequently as every 5-10 minutes.

MODIS true color Red/Green/Blue (RGB) images from the SSEC MODIS Today site (below; displayed using Google Earth) also showed that a significant dust plume aloft was spreading out southeastward across the region. The blowing dust exhibited a distinct light brown color, in contrast to the light gray color of the smoke plumes.

MODIS true color Red/Green/Blue (RGB) images (displayed using Google Earth)

AWIPS images of POES AVHRR 3.7 µm shortwave IR and 10.8 µm IR window data from the previous evening (below) showed the very large size of some of the fire “hot spots” (black to red to yellow color enhancement on the shortwave IR image) — as well as the fact that some of the fires were so hot that they even exhibited a dark black hot spot signature of the 10.8 µm IR window channel image.

POES AVHRR 3.7 µm shortwave IR + 10.8 µm IR window images

CIMSS participation in GOES-R Proving Ground activities includes making a variety of POES AVHRR images and products available for National Weather Service offices to add to their local AWIPS workstations.

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POES AVHRR 0.86 µm visible channel images

AWIPS images of POES AVHRR 0.86 µm visible channel data (above) revealed a pair of von Karman vortices streaming southward from the Aleutian Islands of Alaska on 14 April 2011. In this 2-image comparison, note that the cloud features were moving, but the ice in the Bering Sea remained stationary.

An overlay of MADIS low-level atmospheric motion vectors (or “cloud-tracked winds”) indicated that northerly winds across the region were generally in the 20-30 knot range (below).

POES AVHRR visible images + MADIS atmospheric motion vector winds

POES AVHRR Cloud Top Temperature product

The corresponding POES AVHRR Cloud Top Temperature (CTT) product images (above) indicated that CTT values for these von Karman vortex features were generally in the -10 to -15º C range, while POES AVHRR Cloud Top Height (CTH) product images (below) showed that the tops of the clouds were  around 1-2 km.

POES AVHRR Cloud Top Height products

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POES AVHRR 3.7 µm shortwave IR image

An AWIPS image of POES AVHRR 3.7 µm shortwave IR data (above) revealed a large number of fire “hot spots” (black to red to yellow pixels) across much of eastern Kansas on 12 April 2011. The majority of these were grassland fires.

On the following day (13 April 2011), a well-defined area of dense smoke aloft could be seen stretching from Missouri into southwestwen Iowa on a MODIS 0.65 µm visible channel image (below).

MODIS 6.5 µm visible channel image

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GOES-13 0.63 µm visible channel images (click image to play animation)

GOES-13 0.63 µm visible images (above; click image to play animation) showed that the dense smoke feature moved very little during the day. An overlay of NAM12 850 mb winds (below) indicated that light southwesterly winds in the morning transitioned to a more organized southeasterly flow as a low-level cyclonic circulation moved southward across Nebraska into Kansas.

GOES-13 visible images + NAM12 850 mb winds

A MODIS true color Red/Green/Blue (RGB) image from the SSEC MODIS Today site (below; displayed using Google Earth) provided a better view of the smoke pall aloft as the northern end wrapped around the low-level cyclonic circulation.

MODIS true color RGB image (displayed using Google Earth)

MODIS Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) products from the IDEA site (below) showed very high ADO values  (orange to red color enhancement) associated with this smoke feature.

MODIS Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) products

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