Explosive eruption of Mount Shishaldin in the Aleutian Islands of Alaska
GOES-18 (GOES-West) SO2 RGB and Ash RGB images (above) showed the complex transport of a volcanic cloud produced by an explosive eruption of Mount Shishaldin that began around 1350 UTC on 03 October 2023. The bulk of the higher-altitude volcanic cloud was rich in SO2 (shades of yellow in both RGB types), while a smaller mid-level portion that had high ash content exhibited shades of reddish-brown in the Ash RGB (and shades of blue to pink in the SO2 RGB images).2 Pilot Reports (PIREPs) issued shortly after the eruption onset indicated an ash height of 21000 ft at 1400 UTC, and 40000 ft at 1446 UTC (below).
In Nighttime Microphysics RGB + daytime True Color RGB images from the CSPPGeoSphere site (below), after sunrise the ash-rich portion of the volcanic cloud exhibited shades of tan to darker brown, as it moved to the south-southwest. A radiometrically retrieved Volcanic Ash Cloud Height product from the NOAA/CIMSS Volcanic Cloud Monitoring site (below) indicated that parts of the volcanic cloud may have reached heights in the 18-20 km range (black enhancement) within 20 minutes of the eruption onset.About 14 minutes after the explosive eruption began, a toggle between Suomi-NPP VIIRS Day/Night Band (0.7 µm) and Infrared Window (11.45 µm) images valid at 1404 UTC (above) revealed that the coldest cloud-top infrared brightness temperature was -64.37ºC (cyan color enhancement) — while the hot lava flows spreading away from the summit of Shishaldin exhibited surface infrared brightness temperatures as high as 106.85ºC (darker black enhancement).
The -64.37ºC cloud-top infrared brightness temperature was indicative of a significant air parcel overshoot of the local tropopause — which was -50.5ºC at an altitude of 9292.4 m (30486.9 ft) according to 1200 UTC rawinsonde data from nearby Cold Bay, Alaska (below).
On a side note, a toggle between Infrared Window images from Suomi-NPP and GOES-18 (below) showed (1) the large northwest parallax offset associated with GOES-18 imagery at such high latitudes, which would be about 35 km or 22 mi for a 50 kft cloud top feature in the vicinity of Shishaldin, and (2) the significantly colder cloud-top infrared brightness temperature sensed with the higher spatial resolution VIIRS instrument (375 m, vs the nominal 2 km at satellite sub-point for GOES-18 ABI).