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GOES-16 infrared imagery, above, captures the landfall of Hurricane Beryl over Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula near the town of Tulum at 1105 (UTC) (NHC Discussion). Beryl continues a brisk motion (15 mph) towards the west-northwest, so its time over land will not be very long. This will affect its subsequent strength over... Read More
GOES-16 Clean Window (Band 13, 10.3 µm) infrared imagery overlain with GLM Observations of Flash Extent Density, 0946-1441 UTC on 5 July 2024 (Click to enlarge)
GOES-16 infrared imagery, above, captures the landfall of Hurricane Beryl over Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula near the town of Tulum at 1105 (UTC) (NHC Discussion). Beryl continues a brisk motion (15 mph) towards the west-northwest, so its time over land will not be very long. This will affect its subsequent strength over the southwest Gulf of Mexico.
GOES-16 clean window infrared imagery, above, shows the evolution (at half-hourly intervals; in reality, 1-minute data was available of its passage, along with lightning) of Hurricane Beryl‘s cloud field as it moved just south of the island of Jamaica. The time-step above was degraded to allow a comparison to Hurricanes Gilbert, see this too, (with... Read More
GOES-16 Clean Window (Band 13, 10.3 µm) infrared imagery, half-hourly from 1200 UTC 3 July 2024 through 0100 UTC 4 July 2024 (Click to enlarge)
GOES-16 clean window infrared imagery, above, shows the evolution (at half-hourly intervals; in reality, 1-minute data was available of its passage, along with lightning) of Hurricane Beryl‘s cloud field as it moved just south of the island of Jamaica. The time-step above was degraded to allow a comparison to Hurricanes Gilbert, see this too, (with GOES-7 — a spinner! — imagery), Ivan and Dean (both with GOES-12 — 3-axis stabilized — imagery).
Gilbert moved east-to-west across Jamaica, and its eye re-intensified very quickly once back over the ocean. It would subsequently deepen to 888 hPa — then a record for the lowest sea-level pressure in the Atlantic/Caribbean basins. Ivan remained south of Jamaica and its eye changed perhaps as a result of the landmass of Jamaica. Ivan’s passage partially corresponded with GOES-12 in eclipse between the 0345 and 0645 UTC images; the batteries on GOES-12 were not sufficiently large to power scanning when GOES-12 was in Earth’s shadow. Dean passed south of Jamaica, and its eye seems to have been mostly unaffected by the close passages, although the cold cloud pattern did change.
GOES-7 Clean Window (Band 8, 11.2 µm) infrared imagery, half-hourly from 1201 UTC 12 September 1988 through 0201 UTC 13 September 1988 (Click to enlarge)GOES-12 Clean Window (Band 4, 10.7 µm) infrared imagery, half-hourly from 1815 UTC 10 September 2004 through 1515 UTC 11 September 2004 (Click to enlarge)Hurricane Dean: GOES-12 Clean Window (Band 4, 10.7 µm) infrared imagery, half-hourly from 1615 UTC 19 August 2007 through 0415 UTC 20 August 2007 (Click to enlarge)
The GOES-U rocket launch on SpaceX Falcon Heavy provided an opportunity for GOES-East (16) and -West (18) to monitor the launch and booster re-entries. Both the operational GOES were taking special (research) ABI meso-scale sectors of the launch, with GOES-16 providing 1-min imagery and GOES-18 30-sec (both sectors). (More on how to submit... Read More
The GOES-U rocket launch on SpaceX Falcon Heavy provided an opportunity for GOES-East (16) and -West (18) to monitor the launch and booster re-entries. Both the operational GOES were taking special (research) ABI meso-scale sectors of the launch, with GOES-16 providing 1-min imagery and GOES-18 30-sec (both sectors). (More on how to submit an ABI meso research request.) The launch itself has a much stronger and longer signal in ABI imagery than the smaller boosters making re-entry.
Stepped sequence of 1-minute GOES-16 images from all 16 ABI spectral bands, plus a Rocket Plume RGB from a UW/CIMSS Satellite Blog. Click to Play.
The meso-scale sector from GOES-16 offered images every minute over Florida.
GOES-16 ABI Band 8 (6.2 um) “water vapor” band showing the warming possibly associated with the rocket re-entry burns. The white circle has been added. Click to Play.
Above is a short loop of the upper-level “water vapor” band on the ABI. Note the warming at approximately 21:33 UTC. The white pixels to the southwest of the circle is a cloud associated with the GOES-R rocket launch.
Another option to combine three of the ABI spectral bands is via the “rocket plume” RGB that during the day uses the 3.9 um “fire” band, the 6.2 um water vapor band and “red” visible band.
Still image of the “rocket plume” RGB at approximately 21:33 UTC. The black circle has been added to show the subtle signal of the re-entry of the boosters.GOES-16 ABI “rocket plume” RGB animation on June 25, 2024. Click to Play
GOES-West
The meso-scale sector from GOES-18 offered images every 30 seconds over Florida, albeit at a relatively large view angle. This parallax isn’t an error, just a difference in viewing. This is why the rocket appears farther east when viewed from GOES-West. More on parallax using a webapp.
GOES-18 ABI Band 8 (6.2 um) image showing the warming possibly associated with the GOES-U rocket re-entry burns. The black circle has been added. GOES-18 ABI Band 8 (6.2 um) animation on June 25, 2024. Click to play.
GOES-16 1-minute imagery over Hurricane Beryl, above, shows the Category 5 (on the Saffir-Simpson scale) storm moving across the central Caribbean to the south of Puerto Rico. At the beginning of the animation the cold cloud tops are distributed symmetrically around the storm; by the end of the animation, some... Read More
GOES-16 Band 13 (Clean Window infrared, 10.35 µm) infrared imagery, 0844-1253 UTC 2 July 2024 (Click to enlarge)
GOES-16 1-minute imagery over Hurricane Beryl, above, shows the Category 5 (on the Saffir-Simpson scale) storm moving across the central Caribbean to the south of Puerto Rico. At the beginning of the animation the cold cloud tops are distributed symmetrically around the storm; by the end of the animation, some erosion of the cloud canopy is apparent along the western edge of the storm, although the eye structure appears unchanged.
GLM Flash Extent Density observations (scaled from 0-64) over the storm, below (regrettably only plotted over the northern half of the storm that sits within the GOES-16 CONUS domain), show active lightning within the eyewall, a hallmark of a very strong storm.
GOES-16 Band 13 (Clean Window infrared, 10.35 µm) infrared imagery and GLM Flash Extent Density, 0848-1257 UTC 2 July 2024 (Click to enlarge)
Zoomed-in visible imagery over the eye, below, shows the intricate cloud patterns with the eye.
GOES-16 Band 2 (Red Visible, 0.64 µm) imagery, 1049 -1318 UTC 2 July 2024 (Click to enlarge)