{"id":69806,"date":"2026-04-10T23:59:00","date_gmt":"2026-04-10T23:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/?p=69806"},"modified":"2026-04-12T00:17:17","modified_gmt":"2026-04-12T00:17:17","slug":"goes-18-glm-signature-of-the-artemis-ii-orion-crew-capsule-re-entry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/archives\/69806","title":{"rendered":"GOES-18 GLM signature of the Artemis II Orion crew module re-entry"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div style=\"width: 3006px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2026\/04\/260410_2356utc_goes18_visible_glmFlashExtentDensity_glmFlashPoint_cursor_sample.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2026\/04\/260410_2356utc_goes18_visible_glmFlashExtentDensity_glmFlashPoint_cursor_sample.png\" width=\"2996\" height=\"1676\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">GOES-18 Visible image at 2356 UTC on 10 April, with an overlay of GOES-18 GLM Flash Extent Density (blue to red pixels) and GLM Flash Points (white dots) at 2355 UTC [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>As the Artemis II mission (which launched on <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/archives\/69646\"><strong>01 April<\/strong><\/a>) was coming to its successful end late in the day on 10 April 2026, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/orion-spacecraft\/orion-overview\/\"><strong>Orion<\/strong><\/a> crew module &#8220;Integrity&#8221; approached the designated landing site off the coast of San Diego, California. The Orion module generated immense heat (up to 5000\u00b0F or 2760\u00b0C) and a very bright glow as it was re-entering the Earth&#8217;s upper atmosphere &#8212; and at the point of peak heating (which occurred at an altitude around 204000 ft or 62 km) the GOES-18 <em>(GOES-West)<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.goes-r.gov\/spacesegment\/glm.html\"><strong>GLM<\/strong><\/a> instrument interpreted that bright re-entry signature as a southwest-to-northeast oriented streak of lightning at 2355 UTC <em><strong>(above)<\/strong><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>A larger-scale image <em><strong>(below)<\/strong><\/em> showed that the GOES-18 GLM signature was located over the East Pacific Ocean about midway between Hawai`i and southern California.<\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 3006px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2026\/04\/260410_2355utc_goes18_glmFlashExtentDensity_glmFlashPoints_Orion_reentry_large.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2026\/04\/260410_2355utc_goes18_glmFlashExtentDensity_glmFlashPoints_Orion_reentry_large.png\" width=\"2996\" height=\"1676\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">GOES-18 Visible image at 2356 UTC on 10 April, with an overlay of GOES-18 GLM Flash Extent Density (blue to red pixels) and GLM Flash Points (white dots) at 2355 UTC [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>A toggle between GOES-18 Infrared, Visible and Visible + GLM Flash Extent Density \/ Flash Point images <em><strong>(below)<\/strong><\/em> showed that there was no deep convection in that area &#8212; so the GLM signatures were not associated with any meteorological features.<\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 3006px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2026\/04\/260410_2356utc_goes18_infrared_visible_2355utc_glmFlashExtentDensity_glmFlashPoints_Orion_reentry_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2026\/04\/260410_2356utc_goes18_infrared_visible_2355utc_glmFlashExtentDensity_glmFlashPoints_Orion_reentry_anim.gif\" width=\"2996\" height=\"1676\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">GOES-18 Infrared and Visible images at 2356 UTC, along with the Visible image with an overlay of GLM Flash Extent Density (blue to red pixels) and GLM Flash Points at 2355 UTC (white dots) [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>The GOES-18 GLM Flash Point with the longest duration and largest flash area was located along the leading (northeast) portion of the signature <em><strong>(below)<\/strong><\/em>.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 3006px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2026\/04\/260410_2355utc_glmFlashPoint_cursor_sample.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2026\/04\/260410_2355utc_glmFlashPoint_cursor_sample.png\" width=\"2996\" height=\"1676\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">GOES-18 Visible image at 2356 UTC on 10 April, with a cursor sample of a GLM Flash Point at 2355 UTC [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As the Artemis II mission (which launched on 01 April) was coming to its successful end late in the day on 10 April 2026, the Orion crew module &#8220;Integrity&#8221; approached the designated landing site off the coast of San Diego, California. The Orion module generated immense heat (up to 5000\u00b0F or 2760\u00b0C) and a very [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":69832,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[76,114,106],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-69806","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-glm","category-goes-18","category-rocket-signatures"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69806","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=69806"}],"version-history":[{"count":32,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69806\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":69841,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69806\/revisions\/69841"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/69832"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=69806"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=69806"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=69806"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}