{"id":63872,"date":"2025-04-02T23:59:00","date_gmt":"2025-04-02T23:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/?p=63872"},"modified":"2025-04-05T21:06:05","modified_gmt":"2025-04-05T21:06:05","slug":"comparisons-of-1-minute-goes-16-and-goes-19-imagery-during-a-severe-weather-outbreak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/archives\/63872","title":{"rendered":"Comparisons of 1-minute GOES-16 and GOES-19 imagery during a severe weather outbreak"},"content":{"rendered":"

On a rare High Risk Convective Outlook<\/strong><\/a> day, a widespread outbreak of severe thunderstorms produced tornadoes, large hail and damaging winds (SPC Storm Reports<\/strong><\/a>) across a large swath of the central and eastern US during the afternoon and subsequent nighttime hours on 02 April 2025<\/strong><\/a> — along and ahead of a cold front and pre-frontal squall line (surface analyses<\/strong><\/a>). As mentioned in this blog post<\/strong><\/a>, GOES-19 had arrived at the GOES-East position (over the Equator at 75.2\u00baW Longitude) and had begun broadcasting data — which presented an opportunity for a GOES-16 (the current operational GOES-East)<\/em> vs. GOES-19 comparison during this severe weather outbreak.<\/p>\n

There was some overlap of Mesoscale Domain Sector 2<\/strong><\/a> from both satellites (below)<\/strong><\/em> — the 1-minute GOES images included plots of time-matched (+\/- 3 minutes) SPC Storm Reports (T=Tornado, TEF2=Tornado rated at EF2 damage, H275=Hail of 2.75″ in diameter, W=Wind damage, W90=Wind gust of 90 mph).<\/p>\n

<\/a>

1-minute GOES-16 (left) and GOES-19 (right) Infrared Window (10.3 \u00b5m) images, with time-matched (+\/- 3 minutes) SPC Storm Reports plotted in cyan [click to play animated GIF | MP4<\/strong><\/a><\/p><\/div>Closer views of a few areas that received notable severe weather are shown below:<\/p>\n

Central Illinois Tornadoes\/Hail\/Damaging Winds<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/a>

1-minute GOES-16 (left) and GOES-19 (right) Red Visible (0.64 \u00b5m) images centered over central Illinois, with time-matched (+\/- 3 minutes) SPC Storm Reports plotted in red [click to play animated GIF | MP4<\/strong><\/a>]<\/p><\/div>GOES-16 vs. GOES-19 Visible images (above)<\/strong><\/em> and Infrared images (below)<\/strong><\/em> showed convection that produced an EF2-rated tornado<\/strong><\/a>, hail as large as 2.00″ in diameter and wind gusts as high as 90 mph<\/strong><\/a> in central Illinois. In the Visible imagery, small-scale features such as thunderstorm overshooting tops were resolved equally well by both satellites; in the Infrared images, cloud-top infrared brightness temperatures of cold features such as overshooting tops were generally in very good agreement (separated by 0.1 K or less).<\/p>\n

<\/a>

1-minute GOES-16 (left) and GOES-19 (right) Infrared Window (10.3 \u00b5m) images centered over central Illinois, with time-matched (+\/- 3 minutes) SPC Storm Reports plotted in cyan [click to play animated GIF | MP4<\/strong><\/a>]<\/p><\/div>Missouri\/Arkansas\/Kentucky Tornadoes<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/a>

1-minute GOES-16 (left) and GOES-19 (right) Infrared Window (10.3 \u00b5m) images centered over the Missouri\/Kentucky\/Tennessee border, with time-matched (+\/- 3 minutes) SPC Storm Reports plotted in cyan [click to play animated GIF | MP4<\/strong><\/a>]<\/p><\/div>GOES-16 and GOES-19 Infrared images (above)<\/strong><\/em> showed thunderstorms that produced several tornadoes across southeast Missouri and southwest Kentucky, including an EF3-rated tornado in southeast Missouri<\/strong><\/a> around 2013 UTC and a fatal EF2-rated tornado in southeast Missouri<\/strong><\/a> around 2332 UTC. These storms also produced hail to 2.75″ in diameter and wind gusts to 70 mph<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n

Indiana Tornadoes\/Damaging Winds<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/a>

1-minute GOES-16 (left) and GOES-19 (right) Infrared Window (10.3 \u00b5m) images centered over Indiana, with time-matched (+\/- 3 minutes) SPC Storm Reports plotted in cyan [click to play animated GIF | MP4<\/strong><\/a>]<\/p><\/div>GOES-16 and GOES-19 Infrared images (above)<\/strong><\/em> displayed thunderstorms that produced EF1-rated tornadoes<\/strong><\/a> and wind gusts to 100 mph<\/strong><\/a> in parts of Indiana.<\/p>\n

Tennessee\/Mississippi Tornadoes<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/a>

1-minute GOES-16 (left) and GOES-19 (right) Infrared Window (10.3 \u00b5m) images centered over western Tennessee, with time-matched (+\/- 3 minutes) SPC Storm Reports plotted in cyan [click to play animated GIF | MP4<\/strong><\/a>]<\/p><\/div>GOES-16 and GOES-19 Infrared images (above)<\/strong><\/em> depicted thunderstorms that produced tornadoes across northern Mississippi and southwest Tennessee — including an EF3-rated tornado that impacted Selmer, Tennessee<\/strong><\/a> around 0542 UTC, and a fatal tornado near La Grange, Tennessee<\/strong><\/a> around 0631 UTC. Well-defined Enhanced-V<\/strong><\/a> storm top signatures were associated with some of these tornado-producing thunderstorms (numerous examples of Enhanced-V storm top signatures have been shown on this blog<\/strong><\/a>).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

On a rare High Risk Convective Outlook day, a widespread outbreak of severe thunderstorms produced tornadoes, large hail and damaging winds (SPC Storm Reports) across a large swath of the central and eastern US during the afternoon and subsequent nighttime hours on 02 April 2025 — along and ahead of a cold front and pre-frontal […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":63899,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[74,159,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-63872","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-goes-16","category-goes-19","category-severe-convection"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63872","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=63872"}],"version-history":[{"count":41,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63872\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63955,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63872\/revisions\/63955"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63899"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63872"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=63872"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=63872"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}