{"id":59927,"date":"2024-06-17T17:44:02","date_gmt":"2024-06-17T17:44:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/?p=59927"},"modified":"2024-06-18T17:46:37","modified_gmt":"2024-06-18T17:46:37","slug":"comparing-satellite-estimates-for-rainfall","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/archives\/59927","title":{"rendered":"Comparing Satellite Estimates for Rainfall"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>One of the products demonstrated at the Hazardous Weather Testbed (HWT) in Norman in May and June this year was <a href=\"http:\/\/goesrhwt.blogspot.com\/search\/label\/GREMLIN\">GREMLIN<\/a> (<strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">G<\/span><\/strong>OES <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">R<\/span><\/strong>adar <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">E<\/span><\/strong>stimation via <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">M<\/span><\/strong>achine <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">L<\/span><\/strong>earning to <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">I<\/span><\/strong>nform <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">N<\/span><\/strong>WP) a tool created with Machine Learning (by Kyle Hilburn at CIRA) to use ABI and GLM data to create synthetic radar reflectivity fields.  (<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1175\/JAMC-D-20-0084.1\">This article<\/a> describes the product fully). GREMLIN was trained on GOES-16 CONUS data, but in these images it is displayed over American Samoa (the product has been incorporated into the AWIPS machine at WSO Pago Pago), and it&#8217;s being compared to hourly estimates of rainfall from CMORPH-2.  The images below show 6 fields (at 10-minute intervals) of simulated radar and an hourly CMORPH-2 accumulation derived independently and displayed in RealEarth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Consider the 15 different animations shown below, that step through an event with rain over the Samoan Islands.  In general, the CMORPH-2 hourly accumulations on the right agree  in general with where the radar estimates derived from GREMLIN suggest rain might be falling.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN22z_CMORPH_16June24_2210_2300step.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN22z_CMORPH_16June24_2210_2300step.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59940\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GREMLIN MRMS estimates 2210-2300 UTC 16 May 2024 (left) ; CMORPH-2 1-h rain estimates, 2259 UTC on 16 May 2024 (right) (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN23z_CMORPH_16June24_2310_0000step.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN23z_CMORPH_16June24_2310_0000step.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59928\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GREMLIN MRMS estimates 2310-0000 UTC 16-17 May 2024 (left) ; CMORPH-2 1-h rain estimates, 2359 UTC on 16 May 2024 (right) (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN00z_CMORPH_17June24_0010_0100step.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN00z_CMORPH_17June24_0010_0100step.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59943\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GREMLIN MRMS estimates 0010-0100 UTC 17 May 2024 (left) ; CMORPH-2 1-h rain estimates, 0059 UTC on 17 May 2024 (right) (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN01z_CMORPH_17June24_0110_0200step.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN01z_CMORPH_17June24_0110_0200step.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59944\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GREMLIN MRMS estimates 0110-0200 UTC 17 May 2024 (left) ; CMORPH-2 1-h rain estimates, 0159 UTC on 17 May 2024 (right) (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN02z_CMORPH_17June24_0210_0300step.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN02z_CMORPH_17June24_0210_0300step.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59945\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GREMLIN MRMS estimates 0210-0300 UTC 17 May 2024 (left) ; CMORPH-2 1-h rain estimates, 0259 UTC on 17 May 2024 (right) (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN03z_CMORPH_17June24_0310_0400step.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN03z_CMORPH_17June24_0310_0400step.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59946\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GREMLIN MRMS estimates 0310-0400 UTC 17 May 2024 (left) ; CMORPH-2 1-h rain estimates, 0359 UTC on 17 May 2024 (right) (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN04z_CMORPH_17June24_0410_0500step.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN04z_CMORPH_17June24_0410_0500step.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59947\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GREMLIN MRMS estimates 0410-0500 UTC 17 May 2024 (left) ; CMORPH-2 1-h rain estimates, 0459 UTC on 17 May 2024 (right) (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN05z_CMORPH_17June24_0510_0600step.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN05z_CMORPH_17June24_0510_0600step.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59948\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GREMLIN MRMS estimates 0510-0600 UTC 17 May 2024 (left) ; CMORPH-2 1-h rain estimates, 0559 UTC on 17 May 2024 (right) (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN06z_CMORPH_17June24_0610_0700step.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN06z_CMORPH_17June24_0610_0700step.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59949\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GREMLIN MRMS estimates 0610-0700 UTC 17 May 2024 (left) ; CMORPH-2 1-h rain estimates, 0659 UTC on 17 May 2024 (right) (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN07z_CMORPH_17June24_0710_0800step.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN07z_CMORPH_17June24_0710_0800step.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59950\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GREMLIN MRMS estimates 0710-0800 UTC 17 May 2024 (left) ; CMORPH-2 1-h rain estimates, 0759 UTC on 17 May 2024 (right) (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN08z_CMORPH_17June24_0810_0900step.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN08z_CMORPH_17June24_0810_0900step.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59951\" style=\"width:774px;height:auto\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GREMLIN MRMS estimates 0810-0900 UTC 17 May 2024 (left) ; CMORPH-2 1-h rain estimates, 0859 UTC on 17 May 2024 (right) (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN09z_CMORPH_17June24_0910_1000step.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN09z_CMORPH_17June24_0910_1000step.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59952\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GREMLIN MRMS estimates 0910-1000 UTC 17 May 2024 (left) ; CMORPH-2 1-h rain estimates, 0959 UTC on 17 May 2024 (right) (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN10z_CMORPH_17June24_1010_1100step.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN10z_CMORPH_17June24_1010_1100step.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59953\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GREMLIN MRMS estimates 1010-1100 UTC 17 May 2024 (left) ; CMORPH-2 1-h rain estimates, 1059 UTC on 17 May 2024 (right) (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN11z_CMORPH_17June24_1110_1200step.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN11z_CMORPH_17June24_1110_1200step.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59954\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GREMLIN MRMS estimates 1110-1200 UTC 17 May 2024 (left) ; CMORPH-2 1-h rain estimates, 1159 UTC on 17 May 2024 (right) (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN12z_CMORPH_17June24_1210_1300step.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/06\/2Panel_GREMLIN12z_CMORPH_17June24_1210_1300step.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59955\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GREMLIN MRMS estimates 1210-1300 UTC 17 May 2024 (left) ; CMORPH-2 1-h rain estimates, 1259 UTC on 17 May 2024 (right) (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>What should a user do when GREMLIN does or does not show rain where CMORPH-2 is or is not showing rain accumulation.  It should not make a user think &#8220;Oh, this is wrong&#8221;;  rather, it means a user should investigate those regions using other satellite imagery to determine whether or not rains are occurring.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>One of the products demonstrated at the Hazardous Weather Testbed (HWT) in Norman in May and June this year was GREMLIN (GOES Radar Estimation via Machine Learning to Inform NWP) a tool created with Machine Learning (by Kyle Hilburn at CIRA) to use ABI and GLM data to create synthetic radar reflectivity fields. (This article [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":59963,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[114,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59927","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-goes-18","category-heavy-rain-flooding"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59927","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59927"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59927\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":59964,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59927\/revisions\/59964"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/59963"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59927"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59927"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59927"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}