{"id":59267,"date":"2024-05-16T15:28:19","date_gmt":"2024-05-16T15:28:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/?p=59267"},"modified":"2024-05-18T03:24:54","modified_gmt":"2024-05-18T03:24:54","slug":"flooding-rains-on-oahu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/archives\/59267","title":{"rendered":"Flooding Rains on Oahu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"938\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1304 \/ 938;\" width=\"1304\" controls loop src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/goeswest_abi_radc_true_color_night_s20240513120119_e20240514040117_f191.mp4\"><\/video><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GOES-18 Night Microphysics and True Color Imagery, 1201 UTC 13 May &#8211; 0401 UTC 14 May 2024<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A 16-hour animation using 5-minute GOES-18 PACUS imagery, above (saved from the <a href=\"https:\/\/geosphere.ssec.wisc.edu\/#coordinate:-2059315,2285797;zoom:8;satellite:goeswest;coverage:radc;num_frames:191;start_time:2024-05-13T12:00:00Z;timeframe:Start%20Time;\">Geosphere site<\/a>) shows persistent convection along the east coast of Oahu on 13 May. MIMIC estimates of Total Precipitable Water on 13 May, below, show the state of Hawai&#8217;i surounded by abundant moisture, although the richest moisture within the ITCZ remains south of the state. <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/RadarRainEstimates_13May2024.png\">Radar estimates of rainfall<\/a> exceeded 8 inches over a large part of Oahu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"470\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/MIMIC_TPW_EPAC_comp20240513_00_to_0514_00anim.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59270\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">MIMIC Total Precipitable Water, 0000 UTC 13 May &#8211; 0000 UTC 14 May 2024 (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>ASCAT winds before the rain developed, below, show persistent east-southeast winds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/MetopC_B_ASCAT_0717_0803_13May2024.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/MetopC_B_ASCAT_0717_0803_13May2024-1024x450.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59271\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/MetopC_B_ASCAT_0717_0803_13May2024-1024x450.png 1024w, https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/MetopC_B_ASCAT_0717_0803_13May2024-300x132.png 300w, https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/MetopC_B_ASCAT_0717_0803_13May2024-768x337.png 768w, https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/MetopC_B_ASCAT_0717_0803_13May2024.png 1480w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) winds from Metop-C (left, 0718 UTC) and Metop-B (0808 UTC) on 13 May 2024 (click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Upper-air soundings from Lihue and Hilo at 1200 UTC on 13 May and 0000 UTC 14 May, below, (<a href=\"https:\/\/weather.uwyo.edu\/upperair\/sounding.html\">source<\/a>) show deep moist layers and little in the way of a trade-wind inversion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/2024051312.91285.skewt_.Lihue_.Hilo_.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1600\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/2024051312.91285.skewt_.Lihue_.Hilo_.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59273\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Rawindsondes at Lihue (left) and Hilo (right) at 1200 UTC 13 May 2024 (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/2024051400.91285.skewt_.Lihue_.Hilo_.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1600\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/2024051400.91285.skewt_.Lihue_.Hilo_.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59274\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Rawindsondes at Lihue (left) and Hilo (right) at 0000 UTC 14 May 2024 (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Flooding on the 13th resulted perhaps from persistent, steady moisture-laden flow encoutering the topography of Oahu.  Even as the rain fell on the 13th, the National Weather Service in Honolulu started messaging about the <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/hazard_matrix_slide_20240513.png\">possibility of heavy rains with Major Impacts on 16 May<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>On 16 May, the development of a strong low to the north of Hawai&#8217;i resulted in the northward motion of moisture-rich air. This is shown in the 24-hour animation of MIMIC TPW shown below that shows both the cyclonic system developing, and the draw of moisture from the south. Unlike the case on 13 May, a case might be made on the 16th for a moisture source from the ITCZ.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"470\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/mimictpw_epac_latest_24h_ending1200UTC_16May2024.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59276\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">MIMIC  TPW, 1300 UTC on 15 May &#8211; 1200 UTC on 16 May 2024 (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>GOES-18 estimates of clear-sky total precipitable water (TPW), below, from 0000 UTC 15 May to 1200 UTC 16 May, also show the gradual increase in moisture and convection over Oahu and Kauai as the circulation of the Kona low to the north of Hawai&#8217;i draws moisture northward.  Convection associated with the storm on the 15th testifies to the strength of this system.  The threat matrix issued late on 15 May is <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/hazard_matrix_slide_20240515.png\">here<\/a>.  The potential for flooding on Hawai&#8217;i, particularly on Oahu and Kauai is present on 16 May, and residents of the state should be alert and aware.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1228\" height=\"854\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/G18Band13_TPW-20240515_0000_to_0516_1200anim.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59278\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GOES-18 Clean Window (Band 13, 10.3 \u00b5m) infrared imagery and clear-sky Total Precipitable Water, 0000 UTC 15 May &#8211; 1200 UTC 16 May 2024 (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>The direct broadcast site at Hawaii Community College (<a href=\"http:\/\/soest-hcc1.hcc.hawaii.edu\/browser\/?date=2024-05-16&amp;site=all&amp;group=all&amp;satellite=all&amp;sensor=all&amp;product=all\">link<\/a>) included fields of Rain Rate created from NOAA-20 and Suomi-NPP ATMS data.  An image from 13 May, below, shows very little precipitation detected over Oahu, testimony perhaps to the very small scale of the rains occurring on that day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/npp_atms_rain_rate_20240513_235848_HONOLULU.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/npp_atms_rain_rate_20240513_235848_HONOLULU.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59287\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/npp_atms_rain_rate_20240513_235848_HONOLULU.png 1024w, https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/npp_atms_rain_rate_20240513_235848_HONOLULU-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/npp_atms_rain_rate_20240513_235848_HONOLULU-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/npp_atms_rain_rate_20240513_235848_HONOLULU-768x768.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">ATMS-derived Rain Rate from Suomi NPP, 13 May 2024 at 2358 UTC (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In contrast, the ATMS Rain Rates for 16 May 2024 show a large-scale feature affecting Oahu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/05\/npp_noaa20_atms_rain_rates_20240516_1149_1215_HONOLUtoggle.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59288\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">ATMS-derived rain rate centered on Honolulu, 1149 UTC (NOAA-20) and 1215 UTC (Suomi-NPP) on 16 May 2024 (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">______________<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 1725px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2024\/05\/240516_goes18_visibleInfraredSandwichRGB_1hourPrecipitation_Oahu_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2024\/05\/hi_rgb-20240516_190117.png\" width=\"1715\" height=\"830\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">GOES-18 Visible\/Infrared Sandwich RGB images from 1701-2101 UTC on 16 May, with 1-hour precipitation accumulation plotted in cyan (courtesy Scott Bachmeier, CIMSS) [click to play animated GIF | <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2024\/05\/240516_goes18_visibleInfraredSandwichRGB_1hourPrecipitation_Oahu_anim.mp4\"><strong>MP4<\/strong><\/a>]<\/p><\/div>\n<p>One round of precipitation occurred on Oahu as a cluster of convection moved northeast across the island\u00a0 from 1801-1936 UTC on 16 May <strong><em>(above)<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Cursor sampling of the GOES-18 <a href=\"https:\/\/weather.ndc.nasa.gov\/sport\/training\/nesdisGoesrQpe\/QPE%20Quick%20Guide%20-%20NASA%20SPoRT.pdf\"><strong>Rain Rate<\/strong><\/a> derived product (red) for convection approaching Oahu at 1826 UTC and 1831 UTC on 16 May <strong><em>(below)<\/em><\/strong> showed 0.31 in\/hr &#8212; which was commensurate with the resulting 1-hour precipitation accumulations across Oahu ending at 1900 UTC and 2000 UTC.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 1930px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2024\/05\/240516_1826utc_1831uc_goes18_visibleInfraredSandwichRGB_rainRate_Oahu_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2024\/05\/240516_1826utc_1831uc_goes18_visibleInfraredSandwichRGB_rainRate_Oahu_anim.gif\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cursor sampling of the GOES-18 Rain Rate derived product (red) for convection approaching Oahu at 1826 UTC and 1831 UTC on 16 May (courtesy Scott Bachmeier, CIMSS) [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A 16-hour animation using 5-minute GOES-18 PACUS imagery, above (saved from the Geosphere site) shows persistent convection along the east coast of Oahu on 13 May. MIMIC estimates of Total Precipitable Water on 13 May, below, show the state of Hawai&#8217;i surounded by abundant moisture, although the richest moisture within the ITCZ remains south of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":59280,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[89,114,16,151,58,79,78,45,25,49],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59267","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-atms","category-goes-18","category-heavy-rain-flooding","category-l2_readouts","category-metop","category-microwave","category-noaa-20","category-redgreenblue-rgb-images","category-satellite-winds","category-suomi_npp"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59267","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59267"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59267\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":59326,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59267\/revisions\/59326"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/59280"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59267"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59267"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59267"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}