{"id":56201,"date":"2023-12-24T06:23:00","date_gmt":"2023-12-24T06:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/?p=56201"},"modified":"2023-12-30T21:01:27","modified_gmt":"2023-12-30T21:01:27","slug":"satellite-signals-of-turbulence-on-a-barbados-to-manchester-flight","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/archives\/56201","title":{"rendered":"Satellite signals of Turbulence on a Barbados to Manchester flight"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Turbulence early on 24 December on a flight (Airbus A-300) from Barbados to Manchester (Scotland) led to a diversion (to Bermuda) and hospitalization (albeit with non-life-threatening injuries) of about a dozen passengers.  The graphic below shows the path of the flight with data taken from FlightAware.com.  The green parts of the plotted path (that is, the first and last hours) come from observations, the white part of the path, including the region through convection is extrapolated.  News articles on this event state (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/news\/world\/americas\/bermuda-emergency-landing-barbados-manchester-b2469785.html\">link<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk\/news\/greater-manchester-news\/all-sudden-plane-just-dropped-28350176?int_source=nba\">link<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aviation24.be\/airlines\/maleth-aero\/eleven-injured-as-manchester-bound-flight-diverted-to-bermuda-due-to-unexpected-turbulence\/\">link<\/a>) that turbulence occurred between 2 and 2-1\/2 hours after take-off.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/FlightPathFlightAware_MLT1975_24October2023.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"853\" height=\"835\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/FlightPathFlightAware_MLT1975_24October2023.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-56202\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/FlightPathFlightAware_MLT1975_24October2023.png 853w, https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/FlightPathFlightAware_MLT1975_24October2023-300x294.png 300w, https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/FlightPathFlightAware_MLT1975_24October2023-768x752.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 853px) 100vw, 853px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Flight path, observed (green) and estimated (white) for the Manchester-bound flight early on 24 December 2023 (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/AirplanePath.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1179\" height=\"820\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/AirplanePath.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-56204\" style=\"width:1086px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/AirplanePath.png 1179w, https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/AirplanePath-300x209.png 300w, https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/AirplanePath-1024x712.png 1024w, https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/AirplanePath-768x534.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1179px) 100vw, 1179px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Flight Path with times\/locations indicated.  Turbulence was observed between 2 and 2-1\/2 hours after takeoff, i.e., between 0201 and 0231 UTC on 24 December 2023 (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>GOES-16 Clean Window infrared (Band 13, 10.3 \u00b5m) imagery, below, shows active convection in the region where the turbulence was observed between 0200 and 0230 UTC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1228\" height=\"854\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/G16_Band13-20231224_0000_to_0600anim.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-56206\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GOES-16 Clean Window infrared (Band 13, 10.3 \u00b5m) imagery, 0000 to 0600 UTC on 24 December 2023 (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Upper-level water vapor (GOES-16 Band 8) imagery, below, also shows the convection in the region where turbulence occurred. (Click <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/G16_Band10-20231224_0000_to_0600anim.gif\">here<\/a> to view low-level water vapor &#8212; GOES-16 Band 10 &#8212; imagery)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/G16_Band08-20231224_0000_to_0600anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1228\" height=\"854\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/G16_Band08-20231224_0000_to_0600anim.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-56207\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GOES-16 Upper-level water vapor infrared (Band 8, 6.19 \u00b5m) imagery, 0000 to 0600 UTC on 24 December 2023 (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The CIMSS Turbulence product is a Machine-Learning tool that relates GOES-R imagery (and GFS estimates of lapse rates) to the probability of Moderate or Greater (MOG) turbulence.  It is available online <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/turbulence\/\">here<\/a>, and is also available via an LDM feed for AWIPS.  What did this product show during this event?  That is shown below in an animation from 0140 to 0250 UTC on 24 December 2023.  The turbulence was observed between 0200 and 0230 UTC to the south of 30<sup>o<\/sup>N &#8212; the latitude of northern Florida &#8212; and between 47<sup>o<\/sup>W and 50<sup>o<\/sup>W.  Click <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/AnnotatedMOG0220UTC_24December2023.png\">here to see an annotated image from 0220 UTC<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/probability_North-America_20231224_0150_to_0300UTC_29-41kft_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1148\" height=\"831\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/probability_North-America_20231224_0150_to_0300UTC_29-41kft_anim.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-56211\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GOES-16 Moderate-or-Greater Turbulence Probability, 0140-0250 UTC on 24 December 2023 (click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>The plane was traversing a region where Turbulence Probability was large in places.  Without a precise knowledge of where\/when turbulence occurred,  it&#8217;s a challenge to assess precisely how well the product performed for this event.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Perhaps GLM observations could help identify the convective feature that might have caused the convection.  GLM observations between 0200 and 0240 UTC, below, bracket the reported time of the convection.  If the turbulence is associated with convection, perhaps the cell near 28<sup>o<\/sup>N, 48<sup>o<\/sup>W, strong enough after all to produce lightning, was responsible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/G16Band13FED-20231224_0201_to_0240anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1228\" height=\"854\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2023\/12\/G16Band13FED-20231224_0201_to_0240anim.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-56284\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GOES-16 GLM Flash Extent Density (1-miniute accumulations), 0200-0240 UTC on 24 December 2023;  plotted on top of GOES-16 ABI Band 13 Clean Window infrared (10.3 \u00b5m) imagery every 10 minutes., (Click to enlarge)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Turbulence early on 24 December on a flight (Airbus A-300) from Barbados to Manchester (Scotland) led to a diversion (to Bermuda) and hospitalization (albeit with non-life-threatening injuries) of about a dozen passengers. The graphic below shows the path of the flight with data taken from FlightAware.com. The green parts of the plotted path (that is, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":56221,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,76,74],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-56201","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aviation","category-glm","category-goes-16"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56201","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=56201"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56201\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":56285,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56201\/revisions\/56285"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/56221"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=56201"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=56201"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=56201"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}