![](\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2023\/09\/230910_goes18_shortwaveInfrared_so2RGB_Kilauea_anim.gif\")
<\/a>GOES-18 Shortwave Infrared (3.9 \u00b5m, top) and SO2 RGB images (bottom), from 0051-0231 UTC on 11 September [click to play animated GIF | MP4<\/strong><\/a>]<\/p><\/div>5-minute PACUS Sector GOES-18 (GOES-West)<\/em> Shortwave Infrared (3.9 \u00b5m<\/strong><\/a>) and SO2 RGB<\/strong><\/a> images (above)<\/strong><\/em> showed the thermal anomaly (heat signature) and a plume of SO2 (brighter shades of cyan) for 1.5 hours following the onset of an eruption of Kilauea on the Big Island of Hawai`i late in the day on 10 September 2023.<\/p>\n The Kilauea eruption began at 0115 UTC on 11 September (3:15 PM HST on 10 September) — and about 15 minutes later, the GOES-18 3.9 \u00b5m Shortwave Infrared brightness temperature sensed at the volcano summit reached 137.88\u00baC (below)<\/strong><\/em> — which is the saturation temperature of GOES-18 ABI<\/strong><\/a> Band 7 detectors.<\/p>\n Cursor sample of GOES-18 Shortwave Infrared (3.9 \u00b5m, top) and SO2 RGB (bottom) images at 0131 UTC [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>GOES-18 True Color RGB + Nighttime Microphysics RGB images from the CSPP GeoSphere<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0site\u00a0(below)<\/strong><\/em> displayed the volcanic plume as it moved southwest; the Kilauea summit’s thermal anomaly appeared as darker blue pixels in the final (0411 UTC) Nighttime Microphysics RGB image of the animation.<\/p>\n GOES-18 True Color RGB + Nighttime Microphysics RGB images, 0056-1101 UTC on 11 September [click to play MP4 animation]<\/p><\/div>A longer animation of larger-scale GOES-18 Shortwave Infrared and SO2 RGB images (below)<\/strong><\/em> revealed the continued southwest transport of the SO2 plume for about 10 hours post-eruption. The GOES-18 Shortwave Infrared brightness temperature sensed at the Kilauea summit remained at the aforementioned 137.88\u00baC saturation temperature for nearly the entire time period shown.<\/p>\n GOES-18 Shortwave Infrared (3.9 \u00b5m) and SO2 RGB images, 0051-1101 UTC on 11 September [click to play animated GIF | MP4<\/strong><\/a>]<\/p><\/div>A Suomi-NPP VIIRS Day\/Night Band (0.7 \u00b5m) image valid at 1247 UTC or 2:47 AM HST (below)<\/strong><\/em> showed a large bright signature over the Kilauea area, due to the intense glow of the volcanic lava flows. The VIIRS instrument was scanning from NW to SE; note the dark streak extending SE of the bright Kilauea glow, which was a hysteresis effect due to the sensor becoming saturated by the intense volcanic signature.<\/p>\n<\/a><\/a><\/a>