![](\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2023\/06\/230615_goes16_visible_glmFlashExtentDensity_TX_OK_anim.gif\")
<\/a>GOES-16 “Red” Visible (0.64 \u00b5m) images, with\/without an overlay of GLM Flash Extent Density [click to play animated GIF | MP4<\/strong><\/a>]<\/p><\/div>1-minute\u00a0Mesoscale Domain Sector<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0GOES-16\u00a0(GOES-East) <\/em>“Red” Visible (0.64 \u00b5m<\/strong><\/a>) images (above) <\/strong><\/em>with\/without an overlay of GLM<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Flash Extent Density<\/strong><\/a> (above)<\/strong><\/em> showed the development of a thunderstorm that produced the fatal EF3-rated tornado<\/strong><\/a> that moved through Perryton, Texas (located about 4 miles southwest of airport identifier KPYX) from 2206-2217 UTC on 15 June 2023<\/strong><\/a>. A modest amount of lightning activity was associated with these storms. Prior to convective initiation in the far northern Texas Panhandle, orphan anvil pulses were evident south of Perryton (indicating that convective inhibition was diminishing across that area).<\/p>\n The corresponding GOES-16 “Clean” Infrared Window (10.3 \u00b5m<\/strong><\/a>) and Cloud Top Temperature<\/strong><\/a> derived product images are shown below; just prior to the tornado, the coldest 10.3 \u00b5m infrared brightness temperature and Cloud Top Temperature values were -73.41\u00baC and -76.92\u00baC, respectively, at 2158 UTC (note that the coldest temperature for this infrared color enhancement was adjusted to be -95\u00baC).<\/p>\n GOES-16 “Clean” Infrared Window (10.3 \u00b5m) and Cloud Top Temperature derived product images [click to play animated GIF | MP4<\/strong><\/a>]<\/p><\/div>In a toggle between GOES-16 Visible and Infrared images at 2158 UTC (below)<\/strong><\/em>, the apparent location of the thunderstorm’s cold overshooting top was over the Oklahoma Panhandle — but taking parallax<\/strong><\/a> into account, the actual location of that overshooting top would have been about 20 km (12 miles) to the southeast<\/strong><\/a> (closer to Perryton).<\/p>\n GOES-16 “Red” Visible (0.64 \u00b5m) and “Clean” Infrared Window (10.3 \u00b5m) images 2158 UTC [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>GOES-16 Lifted Index<\/strong><\/a> (LI) and Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) derived products (below)<\/strong><\/em> showed that the thunderstorms were approaching a N-S oriented corridor of instability (as was also discussed in this blog post<\/strong><\/a>). The most unstable LI values within that corridor were around -10\u00baC, with CAPE values around 2500 J\/kg.<\/p>\n GOES-16 Lifted Index and Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) derived product images [click to play animated GIF | MP4<\/strong><\/a>]<\/p><\/div>GOES-16 Total Precipitable Water<\/strong><\/a> (TPW) derived product images (below)<\/strong><\/em> indicated that an axis of moisture was also in place within the corridor of instability. Peak TPW values were around 1.3 inches.<\/p>\n<\/a><\/a><\/a>