{"id":4255,"date":"2010-01-01T21:02:53","date_gmt":"2010-01-01T21:02:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/?p=4255"},"modified":"2010-01-02T01:25:50","modified_gmt":"2010-01-02T01:25:50","slug":"hawaiian-vog-plume","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/archives\/4255","title":{"rendered":"Hawaiian “vog” plume"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"GOES-11<\/a>

GOES-11 and GOES-14 visible channel images<\/p><\/div>\n

McIDAS images of GOES-11 and GOES-14 visible channel data (above)<\/em><\/strong> revealed a large hazy plume streaming northeastward from the Hawaiian Islands on 31 December 2009 – 01 January 2010<\/strong>. The primary source of this plume was ongoing emissions from the Kilauea volcano<\/a><\/strong> on “The Big Island” of Hawaii — the resulting “vog<\/a><\/strong>” (volcanic smog) is air pollution that forms when sulfur dioxide and other gases\/particles emitted by an erupting volcano react with oxygen and moisture in the presence of sunlight. On 31 December the haze was reducing visibility to 5 miles at Lahaina on Maui island.<\/p>\n

This GOES-11 vs GOES-14 visible image comparison helps to highlight two important points: (1) due to a more favorable “forward scattering” geometry with GOES-14 positioned at 105\u00c2\u00ba West longitude, the extent of the “vog” plume shows up with greater clarity on GOES-14 images later in the day compared to GOES-11 (positioned at 135\u00c2\u00ba West longitude), and (2) the performance of the GOES visible channel detectors degrades over time, so the much older GOES-11 (launched in 2000) visible imagery appears significantly darker (the enhancement of the images is the same). GOES-14 (launched in 2009) was emulating GOES-West during the final days of its NOAA Science Test<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Under typical conditions, the dominant northeasterly trade winds act to advect the plume of “vog” toward the southwest — but in this case, an AWIPS image of the GOES-11 IR channel with an overlay of ASCAT scatterometer winds (below)<\/em><\/strong> showed that there was a southwesterly flow in advance of an approaching cold front.<\/p>\n

\"GOES-11<\/a>

GOES-11 IR image + ASCAT scatterometer winds<\/p><\/div>\n

An image of the Aura satellite Ozone Measuring Instrument (OMI) Total Column Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) product (below; courtesy of NOAA\/NESDIS<\/a>)<\/em><\/strong> confirms that elevated levels of SO2 were present within the “vog” plume seen on GOES visible imagery.<\/p>\n

\"OMI<\/a>

OMI SO2 product (courtesy of NOAA\/NESDIS)<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

McIDAS images of GOES-11 and GOES-14 visible channel data (above) revealed a large hazy plume streaming northeastward from the Hawaiian Islands on 31 December 2009 – 01 January 2010. The primary source of this plume was ongoing emissions from the Kilauea volcano on “The Big Island” of Hawaii — the resulting “vog” (volcanic smog) is […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,18,40,25,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4255","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-air-quality","category-goes-11","category-goes-14","category-satellite-winds","category-volcanic-activity"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4255","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4255"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4255\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4270,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4255\/revisions\/4270"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4255"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4255"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4255"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}