{"id":40678,"date":"2021-04-16T23:59:30","date_gmt":"2021-04-16T23:59:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/?p=40678"},"modified":"2021-04-20T14:08:08","modified_gmt":"2021-04-20T14:08:08","slug":"typhoon-surigae-rapidly-intensifies-to-a-category-4-storm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/archives\/40678","title":{"rendered":"Rapid intensification of Super Typhoon Surigae"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div style=\"width: 651px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"thumbnail\" href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/210416_himawari8_infrared_Typhoon_Surigae_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/h8_ir-20210416_180217.png\" alt=\"JMA Himawari-8 Infrared Window (10.4 \u00b5m) images [click to play animation]\" width=\"641\" height=\"299\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">JMA Himawari-8 Infrared Window <em>(10.4 \u00b5m)<\/em> images [click to play animation]<\/p><\/div>2.5-minute interval rapid scan\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jma.go.jp\/jma\/indexe.html\"><strong>JMA<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Himawari-8 Infrared Window (10.4 \u00b5m) images\u00a0<em><strong>(above)<\/strong><\/em> showed Typhoon Surigae undergoing rapid intensification (<a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/210416_adt_Surigae.gif\"><strong>ADT<\/strong><\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/210416_satcon_Surigae.png\"><strong>SATCON<\/strong><\/a>) to become a Category 4 storm as of 18 UTC on 16 April 2021.<\/p>\n<p>A DMSP-16 SSMIS Microwave (85 GHz) image from the <a href=\"http:\/\/tropic.ssec.wisc.edu\"><strong>CIMSS Tropical Cyclones<\/strong><\/a> site <em><strong>(below)<\/strong><\/em> displayed a well-defined eye, with distinct spiral bands feeding into the eyewall.<\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 652px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/210416_1944utc_dmsp16_ssmi_microwave_Surigae.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/210416_1944utc_dmsp16_ssmi_microwave_Surigae.gif\" alt=\"DMSP-16 SSMIS Microwave (85 GHz) image at 1944 UTC [click to enlarge]\" width=\"642\" height=\"367\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">DMSP-16 SSMIS Microwave <em>(85 GHz)<\/em> image at 1944 UTC [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>After sunrise, Himawari-8 &#8220;Red&#8221; Visible (0.64 \u00b5m) images<em><strong> (below)<\/strong><\/em> showed the relatively compact eye, with hints of low-level mesovortices within the eye.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 653px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"thumbnail\" href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/210416_himawari8_visible_Typhoon_Surigae_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/h8_vis-20210417_005946.png\" alt=\"JMA Himawari-8 &quot;Red&quot; Visible (0.64 \u00b5m) images [click to play animation]\" width=\"643\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">JMA Himawari-8 &#8220;Red&#8221; Visible <em>(0.64 \u00b5m)<\/em> images [click to play animation]<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>===== 17 April Update =====<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 651px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"thumbnail\" href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/210417_himawari8_infrared_Typhoon_Surigae_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/h8_ir2-20210417_120217.png\" alt=\"JMA Himawari-8 Infrared Window (10.4 \u00b5m) images [click to play animation | MP4]\" width=\"641\" height=\"299\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">JMA Himawari-8 Infrared Window (10.4 \u00b5m) images [click to play animation | <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/210417_himawari8_infrared_Typhoon_Surigae_anim.mp4\"><strong>MP4<\/strong><\/a>]<\/p><\/div>The prolonged period of rapid intensification continued overnight, and as of 12 UTC on 17 April Surigae had become a Category 5 Super Typhoon &#8212; 2.5-minute interval rapid scan Himawari-8 Infrared images <em><strong>(above)<\/strong><\/em> showed the well-defined eye as the storm tracked northwestward across the Philippine Sea (just east of the Philippines). A faster animation (<a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/210417_himawari8_infrared_Typhoon_Surigae_2_anim.gif\"><strong>GIF<\/strong><\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/210417_himawari8_infrared_Typhoon_Surigae_2_anim.mp4\"><strong>MP4<\/strong><\/a>) helped to highlight the trochoidal motion (wobble) of the eye &#8212; a behavior often seen with intense tropical cyclones. The <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/210417_21utc_Surigae_advisory.text\"><strong>21 UTC advisory<\/strong><\/a> from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.metoc.navy.mil\/jtwc\/jtwc.html\"><strong>JTWC<\/strong><\/a> listed sustained winds of 165 knots (and objective intensity estimates from <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/210417_adt_Surigae.gif\"><strong>ADT<\/strong><\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/210417_satcon_Surigae.png\"><strong>SATCON<\/strong><\/a> were around 170 knots), making Surigae the only tropical cyclone on record to reach that intensity during the month of April.<br \/>\n<center><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Year and date of all 165kt tropical cyclones on record around the world. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/JLUwjceapf\">pic.twitter.com\/JLUwjceapf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Sam Lillo (@splillo) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/splillo\/status\/1383531246555328526?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">April 17, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><br \/>\n<\/center><br \/>\nAn animation of Himawari-8 Infrared images with an overlay of <a href=\"http:\/\/tropic.ssec.wisc.edu\/misc\/winds\/info.winds.shr.html\"><strong>deep-layer wind shear<\/strong><\/a> <em><strong>(below)<\/strong><\/em> indicated that Surigae was moving through a region of low to moderate wind shear; the storm was also moving across very warm water (<a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/210417_seaSurfaceTemperature_oceanHeatContent_Typhoon_Surigae_anim.gif\"><strong>SST + OHC<\/strong><\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/210417_himawari8_infrared_shear_Surigae_2_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/210417_himawari8_infrared_shear_Surigae_2_anim.gif\" alt=\"Himawari-8 Infrared images, with contours of deep-layer wind shear at 18 UTC [click to enlarge]\" width=\"640\" height=\"428\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Himawari-8 Infrared images, with contours of deep-layer wind shear at 18 UTC [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>Around the time that Surigae was reaching its peak intensity, a Suomi NPP VIIRS Day\/Night Band (0.7 \u00b5m) image several hours before sunrise <em><strong>(below)<\/strong> <\/em>revealed concentric mesospheric airglow waves (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/pnas\/early\/2012\/09\/05\/1207034109.full.pdf\"><strong>reference<\/strong><\/a>) propagating away from the energetic Category 5 tropical cyclone.<\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 653px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/h8_dnb_large-20210417_165946.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/h8_dnb_large-20210417_165946.png\" alt=\"Suomi NPP VIIRS Day\/Night Band (0.7 \u00b5m) image [click to enlarge]\" width=\"643\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Suomi NPP VIIRS Day\/Night Band <em>(0.7 \u00b5m)<\/em> image [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>In closer view of time-matched Himawari-8 Infrared and Suomi NPP Day\/Night Band images <em><strong>(below)<\/strong>,<\/em> a cluster of bright DNB pixels highlighted the presence of lightning activity along the inner edge of the northern eyewall.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 653px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/210417_1654utc_himawari8_infrared_suomiNPP_dayNightBand_Super_Typhoon_Surigae_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2021\/04\/210417_1654utc_himawari8_infrared_suomiNPP_dayNightBand_Super_Typhoon_Surigae_anim.gif\" alt=\"Himawari-8 Infrared Window (10.4 \u00b5m) and Suomi NPP VIIRS Day\/Night Band (0.7 \u00b5m) images [click to enlarge]\" width=\"643\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Himawari-8 Infrared Window <em>(10.4 \u00b5m)<\/em> and Suomi NPP VIIRS Day\/Night Band <em>(0.7 \u00b5m)<\/em> images [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>2.5-minute interval rapid scan\u00a0JMA\u00a0Himawari-8 Infrared Window (10.4 \u00b5m) images\u00a0(above) showed Typhoon Surigae undergoing rapid intensification (ADT | SATCON) to become a Category 4 storm as of 18 UTC on 16 April 2021. A DMSP-16 SSMIS Microwave (85 GHz) image from the CIMSS Tropical Cyclones site (below) displayed a well-defined eye, with distinct spiral bands feeding [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":40683,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[56,62,30,79,25,49,2,48],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40678","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dmsp","category-himawari-8","category-lightning","category-microwave","category-satellite-winds","category-suomi_npp","category-tropical-cyclones","category-viirs"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40678","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40678"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40678\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40702,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40678\/revisions\/40702"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40683"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40678"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40678"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40678"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}