{"id":39212,"date":"2020-12-11T21:31:25","date_gmt":"2020-12-11T21:31:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/?p=39212"},"modified":"2020-12-14T03:40:32","modified_gmt":"2020-12-14T03:40:32","slug":"undular-bore-and-industrial-plumes-in-minnesota","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/archives\/39212","title":{"rendered":"Undular bore and industrial plumes in Minnesota"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div style=\"width: 651px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"thumbnail\" href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2020\/12\/201211_goes16_daySnowFogRGB_visible_nearInfraredSnowIce_MN_undular_bore_industrial_plumes_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2020\/12\/mn_rgb-20201211_162108.png\" alt=\"GOES-16 Day Snow-Fog RGB, \" width=\"641\" height=\"299\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">GOES-16 Day Snow-Fog RGB, &#8220;Red&#8221; Visible<em> (0.64 \u00b5m)<\/em> and Near-Infrared &#8220;Snow\/Ice&#8221; <em>(1.61 \u00b5m)<\/em> images [click to play animation | <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2020\/12\/201211_goes16_daySnowFogRGB_visible_nearInfraredSnowIce_MN_undular_bore_industrial_plumes_anim.mp4\"><strong>MP4<\/strong><\/a>]<\/p><\/div>GOES-16 <em>(GOES-East)<\/em> Day Snow-Fog Red-Green-Blue (RGB), &#8220;Red&#8221; Visible (0.64 \u00b5m) and Near-Infrared &#8220;Snow\/Ice&#8221; (1.61 \u00b5m) images <em><strong>(above)<\/strong> <\/em>showed and undular bore propagating slowly north-northwestward across northeastern Minnesota and western Lake Superior on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov\/dailywxmap\/index_20201211.html\"><strong>11 December 2020<\/strong><\/a>. Also evident on the RGB and 1.61 \u00b5m images was the presence of a few industrial plumes &#8212; with their point sources being north of Hibbing &#8212; moving south-southwestward. These plume sources were likely\u00a0large <a title=\"MN coal-fired power plants\" href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2006\/10\/mn_power_plants.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>coal-fired power plants<\/strong><\/a> and other industrial sites located across that region; emissions from these industrial sources acted as cloud condensation nuclei, causing a higher concentration of <em>smaller<\/em> supercooled cloud droplets downwind of each plume source.<\/p>\n<p>In a comparison of Suomi NPP VIIRS Visible (0.64 \u00b5m), Near-Infrared (1.61 \u00b5m) and Shortwave Infrared (3.74 \u00b5m) images at 1734 UTC <em><strong>(below)<\/strong>,<\/em> the industrial plumes appeared warmer <em>(shades of green)<\/em> due to enhanced reflection of incoming solar radiation by the smaller cloud droplets within the plumes.<\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 653px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2020\/12\/201211_1734utc_suomiNPP_viirs_visible_nearInfrared_shortwaveInfrared_MN_anim.gif\" alt=\"Suomi NPP VIIRS Visible (0.64 \u00b5m), Near-Infrared (1.61 \u00b5m) and Shortwave Infrared (3.74 \u00b5m) images at 1734 UTC [click to enlarge]\" width=\"643\" height=\"300\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Suomi NPP VIIRS Visible <em>(0.64 \u00b5m),<\/em> Near-Infrared <em>(1.61 \u00b5m)<\/em> and Shortwave Infrared <em>(3.74 \u00b5m)<\/em> images at 1734 UTC [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>Plots of <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2020\/12\/201211_KINL_RAOB_DATA.TEXT\"><strong>rawinsonde data<\/strong><\/a> from International Falls, Minnesota <em><strong>(below)<\/strong><\/em> depicted a strong temperature inversion based around 1.2 km &#8212; the undular bore was likely ducted within this inversion.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 653px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2020\/12\/201211_KINL_RAOBS.GIF\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/images\/2020\/12\/201211_KINL_RAOBS.GIF\" alt=\"Plot of rawinsonde data from International Falls, Minnesota [click to enlarge]\" width=\"643\" height=\"482\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plots of rawinsonde data from International Falls, Minnesota [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>GOES-16 (GOES-East) Day Snow-Fog Red-Green-Blue (RGB), &#8220;Red&#8221; Visible (0.64 \u00b5m) and Near-Infrared &#8220;Snow\/Ice&#8221; (1.61 \u00b5m) images (above) showed and undular bore propagating slowly north-northwestward across northeastern Minnesota and western Lake Superior on 11 December 2020. Also evident on the RGB and 1.61 \u00b5m images was the presence of a few industrial plumes &#8212; with their [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[74,45,49,48],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39212","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-goes-16","category-redgreenblue-rgb-images","category-suomi_npp","category-viirs"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39212","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39212"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39212\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39217,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39212\/revisions\/39217"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39212"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39212"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39212"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}