{"id":35854,"date":"2020-03-03T16:33:11","date_gmt":"2020-03-03T16:33:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/?p=35854"},"modified":"2020-03-11T19:43:54","modified_gmt":"2020-03-11T19:43:54","slug":"strong-tornado-through-nashville-tennessee","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/archives\/35854","title":{"rendered":"Strong Tornado through Nashville Tennessee"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/a>

GOES-16 Clean Window (10.3 \u00b5m) Infrared Imagery at 1-minute intervals, 0313 – 0722 UTC on 3 March 2020 (Click to play mp4 animation)<\/p><\/div>\n

A long-track tornado<\/a> moved through Nashville (north Nashville to Lockeland Springs then towards Lebanon) early in the morning on 3 March 2020. (ProbSevere for this event is also discussed in this blog post;<\/a> A GLM View of the storm is here<\/a>) The Band13 mp4 animation, above (Click here<\/a> for an animated gif), from 0313 through 0722 UTC shows the long-lived storm forming over western Tennessee and rolling eastward into Nashville after midnight. As the storm approached Nashville, the storm top frequently showed isolated cold pixels (yellow in the enhancement) that are testament to the strong convection, and an above-anvil cirrus plume (AACP) might be there too. All of these structures are consistent with a tornadic storm. The 00 UTC Nashville Sounding<\/a> shows a favorable environment as well.<\/p>\n

1-minute GOES-16 Infrared\u00a0<\/em>images with plots of time-matched SPC Storm reports<\/a> is shown below, covering the period 0300-0802 UTC. The color enhancement applied to those images is slightly different — and the pulsing overshooting tops are easier to see as highlighted with darker shades of orange.<\/p>\n

\"GOES-16<\/a>

GOES-16 “Clean” Infrared Window (10.35 \u00b5m) <\/em>images, with SPC Storm reports plotted in red [click to play animation | MP4<\/a>]<\/p><\/div>Shortly after the tornado passed through Nashville, NOAA-20 overflew Tennessee. The toggle below shows the GOES-16 ABI Band 13 (10.3 \u00b5m) infrared imagery, the NUCAPS Sounding Location<\/a>, and the computed Total Totals Index from the NUCAPS thermodynamic information<\/a>. Values exceeding 50 are south and west of the thunderstorm complex. NUCAPS soundings are showing a thermodynamically unstable environment.<\/p>\n

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GOES-16 ABI Band 13 (10.3 \u00b5m) Infrared Imagery along with NUCAPS Sounding Points and Gridded Values of Total Totals Index computed from NUCAPS Soundings (Click to enlarge)<\/p><\/div>\n

The high-resolution VIIRS instruments on NOAA-20 gives a high-resolution view of the storm, as shown below.\u00a0 The figure includes the 11.45 \u00b5m VIIRS I05 infrared imagery<\/a> (from Real Earth)<\/a> and also shows a 5-minute GLM Group Density accumulation<\/a> with a profound maximum (values exceeding 250!) over Lebanon TN<\/a>.\u00a0 The morning NOAA-20 orbit on 3 March was to the east of Tennessee<\/a> (source<\/a>), so a parallax<\/a> shift between the GLM data from GOES-16 and the VIIRS I05 data will occur.<\/p>\n

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Real Earth captures of 11.45 \u00b5m VIIRS I05 infrared imagery and GOES-16 GLM 5-minute Group Density, 0700-0705 UTC<\/p><\/div>\n

A zoomed-out toggle between VIIRS I05<\/a> and the Day Night Band<\/a> (below, courtesy William Straka, CIMSS), (Click here<\/a> to view the I05 with a different enhancement) shows the storm to the east of Nashville.\u00a0 The quarter New Moon (that was below the horizon) offered no clear view of the cloud tops, but lightning illumination is apparent.<\/p>\n

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NOAA-20 11.45 \u00b5m VIIRS I05 infrared imagery and Day Night Band 0.70 \u00b5m visible imagery at 0717 UTC on 3 March 2020 (Click to enlarge)<\/p><\/div>\n

This long storm in a favorable environment was captured well by the NOAA\/CIMSS ProbSevere product.\u00a0 The animation below tracks the storm across much of northwest and north-central Tennessee.\u00a0 Time-series plots of the radar object (#181389) associated with the Nashville tornado are here:\u00a0 ProbTor (including components)<\/a>, ProbSevere (including components)<\/a>, and ProbSevere, ProbHail and ProbTor values<\/a>.\u00a0 The cyclic nature of the storm is apparent.\u00a0 ProbSevere\/ProbTor\/ProbHail values were very high when the Nashville tornado was on the ground (around 0640 UTC).<\/p>\n

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NOAA\/CIMSS ProbSevere display over northwest to north-central Tennessee, 0330 to 0730 UTC. (Click to enlarge)<\/p><\/div>\n

\n

A project spearheaded by Bill Smith Sr and Qi Zhang at Hampton University<\/a> (they are also affiliated with CIMSS<\/a>) takes Polar Hyperspectral (PHS) data and blends it with GOES-16 ABI data.\u00a0 Those fields that exploit the high spectral resolution from sounders in polar orbit (such as IASI or CrIS) and the high spatial and temporal resolution from GOES are then input into numerical models.\u00a0 Output is here<\/a>.\u00a0 The better representation of moisture fields in these fields can help a model better define where strong convection will or will not occur.\u00a0 The animation below shows initial fields of the Significant Tornado Parameter<\/a> from 0300 – 0800 UTC on 3 March 2020. Compare the animation to initial fields of STP in a model that does not include the assimilated hyperspectral data here<\/a>.<\/p>\n

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Significant Tornado Parameter at initial model run times from 0300 through 0800 UTC on 3 March 2020 (Click to enlarge). The number of assimilated retrievals is indicated in red; no retrievals were assimilated at 0700 UTC, and the STP field was affected!<\/p><\/div>\n

What did the forecast for 0600 UTC look like from this model that includes polar hyperspectral data?\u00a0 That is shown below, with a series of model runs.\u00a0 There is run-to-run variability, but overall the forecast simulations show a peak in the STP parameter near Nashville. (This PDF<\/a> compares model runs with and without Polar Hyperspectral Data; adding the satellite data helps the model focus convection where it occurs, mostly because the moisture fields are more accurately defined).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

Forecasts valid at 0600 UTC on 3 March 2020, initialized at 0000, 0100, 0200, 0300, 0400 and 0500 UTC (Click to enlarge)<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A long-track tornado moved through Nashville (north Nashville to Lockeland Springs then towards Lebanon) early in the morning on 3 March 2020. (ProbSevere for this event is also discussed in this blog post; A GLM View of the storm is here) The Band13 mp4 animation, above (Click here for an animated gif), from 0313 through […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":35880,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[74,78,83,59,48],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35854","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-goes-16","category-noaa-20","category-nucaps","category-probsevere","category-viirs"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35854","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35854"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35854\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35969,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35854\/revisions\/35969"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/35880"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35854"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35854"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35854"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}