{"id":29134,"date":"2018-07-27T23:50:00","date_gmt":"2018-07-27T23:50:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/?p=29134"},"modified":"2018-12-01T22:14:14","modified_gmt":"2018-12-01T22:14:14","slug":"large-hail-and-high-winds-in-south-dakota-and-nebraska","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/archives\/29134","title":{"rendered":"Large hail and high winds in South Dakota and Nebraska"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div style=\"width: 652px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"thumbnail\" href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2018\/07\/180727_goes16_visible_spc_storm_reports_WY_SD_NE_anim.mp4\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2018\/07\/G16_VIS_WY_SD_NE_SVR_27JUL2018_960x1280_B2_2018209_014627_0001PANEL_00287.GIF\" alt=\"GOES-16 \" width=\"642\" height=\"481\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">GOES-16 &#8220;Red&#8221; Visible <em>(0.64 \u00b5m)<\/em> images, with SPC storm reports plotted in red [click to play MP4 animation]<\/p><\/div>A supercell thunderstorm which developed in southeastern Montana during the afternoon hours on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov\/dailywxmap\/index_20180727.html\"><strong>27 July 2018<\/strong><\/a> produced damaging wind-driven hail as it moved southeastward across western South Dakota into far northern Nebraska (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.spc.noaa.gov\/climo\/reports\/180727_rpts.html\"><strong>SPC storm reports<\/strong><\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/www.weather.gov\/unr\/2018-07-27\"><strong>NWS Rapid City summary<\/strong><\/a>). 1-minute <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/archives\/23225\"><strong>Mesoscale Domain Sector<\/strong><\/a> GOES-16 <em>(GOES-East)<\/em> &#8220;Red&#8221; Visible (<a href=\"http:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/goes\/OCLOFactSheetPDFs\/ABIQuickGuide_Band02.pdf\"><strong>0.64 \u00b5m<\/strong><\/a>) images <em><strong>(above)<\/strong><\/em> showed the evolution of this storm.<\/p>\n<p>The corresponding GOES-16 &#8220;Clean&#8221; Infrared Window (<a href=\"http:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/goes\/OCLOFactSheetPDFs\/ABIQuickGuide_Band13.pdf\"><strong>10.3 \u00b5m<\/strong><\/a>) images <em><strong>(below)<\/strong><\/em> revealed minimum cloud-top infrared brightness temperatures in the -60 to -70\u00baC range <em>(darker red to black enhancement)<\/em> with the strongest pulses of overshooting tops. The storm began to exhibit a well-defined <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.ametsoc.org\/doi\/10.1175\/WAF1022.1\"><strong>enhanced-V<\/strong><\/a> signature once it crossed the South Dakota \/ Nebraska border after about 0200 UTC.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 649px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"thumbnail\" href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2018\/07\/180727_goes16_infrared_spc_storm_reports_WY_SD_NE_anim.mp4\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2018\/07\/G16_IR_WY_SD_NESVR_27JUL2018_960x1280_B13_2018209_014627_0001PANEL_00287.GIF\" alt=\"GOES-16 \" width=\"639\" height=\"479\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">GOES-16 &#8220;Clean&#8221; Infrared Window <em>(10.3 \u00b5m)<\/em> images, with SPC storm reports plotted in purple [click to play MP4 animation]<\/p><\/div>\n<p><center><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">OST EM &amp; Martin Fire on scene all night at Oglala. Major hail damage. Aid center at Oglala Recreation Center. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/BNJu357ytq\">pic.twitter.com\/BNJu357ytq<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Martin Vol Fire Dept (@martin_vol) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/martin_vol\/status\/1023205631271075840?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 28, 2018<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Major window and siding damage. Crops and grass beat to the ground. Crews assembling to assist area residents. No serious injuries reported at this time. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/fUA3CqYeO1\">pic.twitter.com\/fUA3CqYeO1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Martin Vol Fire Dept (@martin_vol) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/martin_vol\/status\/1023206905668399104?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 28, 2018<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p><\/center><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>===== 30 July Update =====<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 651px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2018\/07\/180730_1755utc_terra_modis_truecolor_falsecolor_South_Dakota_hail_damage_swath_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2018\/07\/180730_1755utc_terra_modis_truecolor_falsecolor_South_Dakota_hail_damage_swath_anim.gif\" alt=\"Terra MODIS True Color and False Color RGB images [click to enlarge]\" width=\"641\" height=\"431\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Terra MODIS True Color and False Color RGB images, with hail damage swath highlighted by red arrows [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>A comparison of 250-meter resolution Terra MODIS True Color and False Color Red-Green-Blue (RGB) images from the <a href=\"http:\/\/ge.ssec.wisc.edu\/modis-today\/index.php?satellite=t1&amp;product=true_color&amp;date=2018_07_30_211&amp;overlay_sector=false&amp;overlay_state=true&amp;overlay_coastline=true&amp;sector=USA2&amp;resolution=1000m\"><strong>MODIS Today<\/strong><\/a> site<em><strong> (above)<\/strong><\/em> showed the northwest-to-southeast hail damage swath across southwestern South Dakota on 30 July.<\/p>\n<p>Before\/after (16\/30 July) comparisons of MODIS True Color RGB images viewed using <a href=\"http:\/\/realearth.ssec.wisc.edu\"><strong>RealEarth<\/strong><\/a> and MODIS Today<em><strong> (below)<\/strong><\/em> further illustrate the appearance of the hail damage swath.<\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 649px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2018\/07\/180716_180730_modis_truecolor_SD_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2018\/07\/180716_180730_modis_truecolor_SD_anim.gif\" alt=\"MODIS True Color RGB images from 16 July and 30 July [click to enlarge]\" width=\"639\" height=\"389\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Terra MODIS True Color RGB images from 16 July and 30 July [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div><div style=\"width: 651px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2018\/07\/180716_180730_terra_modis_truecolor_SD_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2018\/07\/180716_180730_terra_modis_truecolor_SD_anim.gif\" alt=\"Terra MODIS True Color RGB images from 16 and 30 July [click to enlarge]\" width=\"641\" height=\"431\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Terra MODIS True Color RGB images from 16 July and 30 July [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>In a comparison between the 30 July Terra MODIS Visible (0.65 \u00b5m) image and the corresponding Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) products <em><strong>(below),<\/strong><\/em> within the core of the hail damage swath (near Oglala) LST values warmed into the 90s F and NDVI values were reduced to the 0.2 to 0.3 range (compared to cooler LST values in the 80s F and higher NDVI values of 0.3 to 0.6 over healthy vegetation areas immediately adjacent to the damage swath).<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 648px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2018\/07\/180730_1746utc_terra_modis_Visible_LandSurfaceTemperature_NormalizedDifferenceVegetationIndex_SD_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2018\/07\/180730_1746utc_terra_modis_Visible_LandSurfaceTemperature_NormalizedDifferenceVegetationIndex_SD_anim.gif\" alt=\"Terra MODIS Visible (0.65 \u00b5m) image and Land Surface Temperature and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index products [click to enlarge]\" width=\"638\" height=\"397\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Terra MODIS Visible <em>(0.65 \u00b5m)<\/em> image and Land Surface Temperature and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index products [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>===== 31 July Update =====<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 649px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2018\/07\/180714_180731_terra_modis_truecolor_SD_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2018\/07\/180714_180731_terra_modis_truecolor_SD_anim.gif\" alt=\"MODIS True Color RGB images from Terra (14 July) and Aqua (31 July) [click to enlarge]\" width=\"639\" height=\"429\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">MODIS True Color RGB images from Terra (14 July) and Aqua (31 July) [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>In a better, more cloud-free before\/after comparison of MODIS True Color images from 14 and 31 July <em><strong>(above),<\/strong><\/em> it can be seen that the NW-SE oriented hail damage swath extended into Nebraska (where hail as large as 3.0 inches was reported).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A supercell thunderstorm which developed in southeastern Montana during the afternoon hours on 27 July 2018 produced damaging wind-driven hail as it moved southeastward across western South Dakota into far northern Nebraska (SPC storm reports | NWS Rapid City summary). 1-minute Mesoscale Domain Sector GOES-16 (GOES-East) &#8220;Red&#8221; Visible (0.64 \u00b5m) images (above) showed the evolution [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":29141,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[74,12,53,45,3,71],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29134","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-goes-16","category-modis","category-real-earth","category-redgreenblue-rgb-images","category-severe-convection","category-terra"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29134","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29134"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29134\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30920,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29134\/revisions\/30920"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29141"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29134"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29134"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29134"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}