{"id":21552,"date":"2016-07-07T23:59:19","date_gmt":"2016-07-07T23:59:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/?p=21552"},"modified":"2016-10-19T21:46:39","modified_gmt":"2016-10-19T21:46:39","slug":"super-typhoon-nepartak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/archives\/21552","title":{"rendered":"Super Typhoon Nepartak"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160703-07_Super_Typhoon_Nepartak_track.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160703-07_Super_Typhoon_Nepartak_track.jpg\" alt=\"Track of Super Typhoon Nepartak (03 to 07 July 2016) [click to enlarge]\" width=\"640\" height=\"509\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Track of Super Typhoon Nepartak (03 to 07 July 2016) [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>Super Typhoon <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Typhoon_Nepartak_%282016%29\"><strong>Nepartak<\/strong><\/a> (02W) formed as a tropical depression in the West Pacific Ocean south of Guam on 02-03 July 2016, and tracked northwestward until making landfall in southern Taiwan on 07 July <em><strong>(above)<\/strong><\/em>. Nepartak rapidly intensified to a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nhc.noaa.gov\/aboutsshws.php\"><strong>Category 4<\/strong><\/a> storm on 05 July, peaking at Category 5 intensity on 06 July (<a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160703-07_Super_Typhoon_Nepartak_adt.gif\"><strong>ADT<\/strong><\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160703-08_satcon_wind_Nepartak.gif\"><strong>SATCON wind<\/strong><\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160703-08_satcon_pressure_Nepartak.gif\"><strong>SATCON pressure<\/strong><\/a>). Two factors helping the storm to reach and maintain Category 5 intensity for a relatively long period of time were (1) the passage over water having large <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160707_Nepartak_OHC_SST_anim.gif\"><strong>Ocean Heat Content and Sea Surface Temperature<\/strong><\/a> values, and (2) an environment characterized by low deep-layer wind shear (<a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160706_15utc_wind_shear_Super_Typhoon_Nepartak_160705_ohc.png\"><strong>06 July\/15 UTC<\/strong><\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160707_Nepartak_track_OHC_wind_shear.jpg\"><strong>07 July\/21 UTC<\/strong><\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"thumbnail\" href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/NEPARTAK_VIS_DEFAULT_960x1280_B3_animated_2016189_000210_2016189_092940.mp4\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/NEPARTAK_VIS_DEFAULT_960x1280_B3_00060_2016189_022940_0001PANEL.GIF\" alt=\"Himawari-8 Visible (0.64 \u00b5m) images [click to play MP4 animation]\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Himawari-8 Visible (0.64 \u00b5m) images [click to play MP4 animation]<\/p><\/div>2.5-minute interval rapid-scan Himawari-8 Visible (0.64 \u00b5m) images <em><strong>(above)<\/strong><\/em> and Infrared Window (10.4 \u00b5m) images <em><strong>(below)<\/strong><\/em> showed the formation of a well-defined eye with an annular storm structure early in the day on 07 July. The eye became less organized as Nepartak approached the island of Taiwan and made landfall as a Category 4 typhoon around 2150 UTC.<\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"thumbnail\" href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160707_himawari8_infrared_Super_Typhoon_Nepartak_anim.mp4\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/960x1280_H8F_B13_HIM08_IR_NEPARTAK_07JUL2016_2016189_050715_0001PANEL.GIF\" alt=\"Himawari-8 Infrared Window (10.4 \u00b5m) images [click to play MP4 animation]\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Himawari-8 Infrared Window (10.4 \u00b5m) images [click to play MP4 animation]<\/p><\/div>Surface observations (<a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160707_RCFN_SFCMG_NEPARTAK_LANDFALL.GIF\"><strong>plot<\/strong><\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/RCFN_surface_observations.text\"><strong>text<\/strong><\/a>) from Feng Nin airport (station identifier <strong>RCFN<\/strong>) in Taitung City showed sustained winds of 70 knots (81 mph) with a gust to 99 knots (114 mph) from the north-northeast at 21 UTC, and a pressure of 964.0 hPa (27.47&#8243;). iCyclone chaser Josh Morgerman recorded a minimum pressure of 957.7 hPa at 2043 UTC (4:43 am local time) in Taitung City:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">If you missed it: my pressure trace from <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Typhoon?src=hash\">#Typhoon<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/NEPARTAK?src=hash\">#NEPARTAK<\/a>, using <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/KestrelWeather\">@KestrelWeather<\/a> Meter. Eye passed just S of city. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/qqUVNBbyBK\">pic.twitter.com\/qqUVNBbyBK<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Josh Morgerman (@iCyclone) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/iCyclone\/status\/752180044118626304\">July 10, 2016<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script src=\"\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" async=\"\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><br \/>\nShortly before landfall, a comparison of DMSP-18 SSMIS Microwave (85 GHz) and Himawari-8 Infrared Window (10.4 \u00b5m) images around 20 UTC <em><strong>(below)<\/strong><\/em> showed that the eye was still rather distinct on the microwave image.<\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160707_20utc_dmsp16_ssmis_microwave_himawari8_infrared_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160707_20utc_dmsp16_ssmis_microwave_himawari8_infrared_anim.gif\" alt=\"DMSP-16 SSMIS Microwave (85 GHz) and Himawari-8 Infrared Window (10.4 \u00b5m) images [click to enlarge]\" width=\"640\" height=\"509\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">DMSP-16 SSMIS Microwave (85 GHz) and Himawari-8 Infrared Window (10.4 \u00b5m) images [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>However, the <a href=\"http:\/\/tropic.ssec.wisc.edu\/real-time\/mimic-tc\/tc.shtml\"><strong>MIMIC-TC<\/strong><\/a> product <em><strong>(below)<\/strong><\/em> revealed how quickly the eyewall structure eroded once the circulation of Nepartak encountered the rugged terrain of Taiwan.<\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 649px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160707-08_mimic_Nepartak_landfall_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160707-08_mimic_Nepartak_landfall_anim.gif\" alt=\"MIMIC-TC product [click to enlarge]\" width=\"639\" height=\"479\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">MIMIC-TC product [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>Looking back to earlier periods in the storm history, a 2-panel comparison of Himawari-8 Visible (0.64 \u00b5m) and Infrared Window (10.4 \u00b5m) images from 06-07 July <em><strong>(below)<\/strong><\/em> revealed the presence of mesovortices within the eye on the visible imagery. The spatial resolution of these Visible (0.5 km) and Infrared (2 km) <a href=\"http:\/\/www.data.jma.go.jp\/mscweb\/en\/himawari89\/space_segment\/spsg_ahi.html\"><strong>AHI<\/strong><\/a> images is identical to what will be provided by the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.goes-r.gov\/spacesegment\/abi.html\"><strong>ABI<\/strong><\/a> instrument on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.goes-r.gov\/\"><strong>GOES-R<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"thumbnail\" href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160706-07_himawari8_visible_infrared_Super_Typhoon_Nepartak_eye_anim.mp4\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/480x1280_H8F_B313_HIM08_VIS_IR_NEPARTAK_06-07JUL2016_2016189_044715_0002PANELS.GIF\" alt=\"Himawari-8 0.64 \u00b5m Visible (top) and 10.4 \u00b5m Infrared Window (bottom) images [click to play MP4 animation] \" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Himawari-8 0.64 \u00b5m Visible (top) and 10.4 \u00b5m Infrared Window (bottom) images [click to play MP4 animation]<\/p><\/div>A Suomi NPP VIIRS true-color Red\/Green\/Blue (RGB) image from 07 July (viewed using <a href=\"http:\/\/realearth.ssec.wisc.edu\/\"><strong>RealEarth<\/strong><\/a>) is shown below; the actual satellite overpass time for this image was around <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/ASIA2016_07_07_189_npp.gif\"><strong>0444 UTC<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160707_1445utc_suomi_npp_viirs_truecolor_metar_Nepartak_map_only_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160707_1445utc_suomi_npp_viirs_truecolor_metar_Nepartak_map_only_anim.gif\" alt=\"Suomi NPP VIIRS true-color image on 07 July [click to enlarge]\" width=\"640\" height=\"384\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Suomi NPP VIIRS true-color image on 07 July [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>During the period of rapid intensification on 06 July, 2.5-minute interval rapid-scan Himawari-8 Infrared Window (10.4 \u00b5m) images <em><strong>(below)<\/strong><\/em> revealed pulses of storm-top gravity waves which were propagating radially outward away from the eye of Nepartak (especially evident during the later half of the animation period).<\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"thumbnail\" href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160706_himawari8_infrared_Super_Typhoon_Nepartak_anim.mp4\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/960x1280_H8F_B13_HIM08_IR_NEPARTAK_06JUL2016_2016188_151945_0001PANEL.GIF\" alt=\"Himawari-8 Infrared Window (10.4 \u00b5m) images [click to play MP4 animation]\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Himawari-8 Infrared Window (10.4 \u00b5m) images [click to play MP4 animation]<\/p><\/div>It is also interesting to note that nighttime mesospheric gravity waves could be seen propagating away from the eye\/eyewall region of Nepartak at 1729 UTC or 1:29 am local time on a 06 July Suomi NPP VIIRS Day\/Night Band (0.7 \u00b5m) image<em><strong> (below,<\/strong> courtesy of William Straka, SSEC<strong>)<\/strong><\/em>. Since very little illumination was provided by the Moon <em>(which was in the Waxing Crescent phase, at only 5% of Full),<\/em> these waves were being illuminated by airglow.<\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 649px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160706_1729utc_suomi_npp_viirs_infrared_day_night_band_STY_Nepartak_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160706_1729utc_suomi_npp_viirs_infrared_day_night_band_STY_Nepartak_anim.gif\" alt=\"Suomi NPP VIIRS Infrared Window (11.45 \u00b5m) and Day\/Night Band (0.7 \u00b5m) images [click to enlarge]\" width=\"639\" height=\"442\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Suomi NPP VIIRS Infrared Window (11.45 \u00b5m) and Day\/Night Band (0.7 \u00b5m) images [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>The MIMIC-TC product <em><strong>(below)<\/strong><\/em> also showed that Nepartak completed an eyewall replacement cycle on 06 July.<\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160706_mimic_Nepartak_ERC_anim.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160706_mimic_Nepartak_ERC_anim.gif\" alt=\"MIMIC-TC product [click to enlarge]\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">MIMIC-TC product [click to enlarge]<\/p><\/div>Animations of 10-minute interval Himawari-8 Infrared Window (10.4 \u00b5m) images spanning nearly the entire life cycle of Nepartak &#8212; from a tropical depression south of Guam on 03 July to landfall over mainland China on 08 July &#8212; are available as an <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160703-08_himawari8_infrared_Nepartak_anim.mp4\"><strong>MP4 movie<\/strong><\/a> (139 Mbytes) or an <a href=\"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2016\/07\/160703-08_himawari8_infrared_Nepartak_anim.gif\"><strong>animated GIF<\/strong><\/a> (493 Mbytes).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Super Typhoon Nepartak (02W) formed as a tropical depression in the West Pacific Ocean south of Guam on 02-03 July 2016, and tracked northwestward until making landfall in southern Taiwan on 07 July (above). Nepartak rapidly intensified to a Category 4 storm on 05 July, peaking at Category 5 intensity on 06 July (ADT | [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":21554,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[70,56,34,62,53,45,49,2,48],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21552","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aqua","category-dmsp","category-goes-r","category-himawari-8","category-real-earth","category-redgreenblue-rgb-images","category-suomi_npp","category-tropical-cyclones","category-viirs"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21552","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21552"}],"version-history":[{"count":62,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21552\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22385,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21552\/revisions\/22385"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21554"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21552"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21552"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21552"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}