{"id":18206,"date":"2015-04-23T12:00:13","date_gmt":"2015-04-23T12:00:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/?p=18206"},"modified":"2015-04-27T15:06:06","modified_gmt":"2015-04-27T15:06:06","slug":"calcubo-volcanic-eruption-in-chile","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/archives\/18206","title":{"rendered":"Calbuco volcanic eruption in Chile"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"GOES-13<\/a>

GOES-13 (GOES-East) 0.63 \u00b5m visible and 10.7 \u00b5m IR channel images at 2138 UTC (with surface reports)<\/p><\/div>\n

The Calbuco volcano in southern Chile erupted around 2103 UTC or 6:03 pm local time on 22 April 2015. The first good satellite view of the volcanic cloud was provided by the 2138 UTC or 6:38 pm local time GOES-13 (GOES-East)<\/em> 0.63 \u00b5m visible channel and 10.7 \u00b5m IR channel images (above)<\/strong><\/em>. The coldest cloud-top IR brightness temperature at that time was -65\u00ba C, which was very close to the tropopause temperature as indicated on the nearby Puerto Montt rawinsonde reports<\/strong><\/a> from 1200 UTC on 22 April<\/strong><\/a> and 23 April<\/strong><\/a> — the height of the tropopause was between 12.3 and 15.6 km on each day (there were 2 tropopause levels TRO1 and TRO2 coded in both of the upper air reports).<\/p>\n

However, before the volcanic cloud was seen, a well-defined thermal anomaly or “hot spot” was evident on the previous GOES-13 3.9 \u00b5m shortwave IR image at 2045 UTC or 5:45 pm local time (below)<\/strong><\/em>. The hottest 3.9 \u00b5m IR brightness temperature at that time was 340.8 K (red pixel),<\/em> which is very close to the saturation temperature of the GOES-13 3.9 \u00b5m detectors.<\/p>\n

\"GOES-13<\/a>

GOES-13 3.9 \u00b5m shortwave IR image at 2045 UTC<\/p><\/div>\n

An oblique view of the early stage of the volcanic cloud was captured on a 2100 UTC GOES-15 (GOES-West)<\/em> 0.63 \u00b5m visible image (below; closer view<\/a>)<\/strong><\/em>.<\/p>\n

\"GOES-15<\/a>

GOES-15 (GOES-West) 0.63 \u00b5m visible image at 2100 UTC<\/p><\/div>\n

A sequence of GOES-13 (GOES-East)<\/em> 10.7 \u00b5m IR channel images (below; click image to play animation; also available as an MP4 movie file<\/a>)<\/strong><\/em> revealed that there was a second explosive eruption that began sometime before the 0508 UTC or 2:08 am local time image on 23 April. The coldest cloud-top IR brightness temperature with this second eruption was -68\u00ba C at 0808 UTC. Also, at 0508 UTC mesospheric airglow waves<\/strong><\/a> were seen with Suomi NPP VIIRS Day\/Night Band imagery.<\/p>\n

\"GOES-13<\/a>

GOES-13 (GOES-East) 10.7 \u00b5m IR images (click to play animation)<\/p><\/div>\n

On the morning of 23 April, a 1200 UTC GOES-15 (GOES-West)<\/em> 0.63 \u00b5m visible image (below)<\/strong><\/em> provided a good view of the large areal coverage of volcanic cloud material resulting from the 2 eruptions.<\/p>\n

\"GOES-15<\/a>

GOES-15 (GOES-West) 0.63 \u00b5m visible image<\/p><\/div>\n

Finally, a before-eruption (21 April) and post-eruption (23 April) comparison of Aqua MODIS true-color Red\/Green\/Blue (RGB) images as visualized using the SSEC RealEarth<\/strong><\/a> web map server (below)<\/strong><\/em> showed the effect of ashfall on some of the higher terrain downwind of Calbuco, which was particularly evident on the snow-capped summits of the Osorno and Puyehue volcanoes (yellow arrows)<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\"Before<\/a>

Before (21 April) and after (23 April) Aqua MODIS true-color RGB images<\/p><\/div>\n

—– 24 April Update —–<\/strong><\/p>\n

A series of GOES-13 and Terra\/Aqua MODIS volcanic ash height retrieval images from the SSEC Volcano Monitoring<\/strong><\/a> site (below; click image to play animation)<\/strong><\/em> showed that the ash from each of the two explosive eruptions reached heights of 18-20 km (black color enhancement),<\/em> which was well into the stratosphere.<\/p>\n

\"GOES-13<\/a>

GOES-13 and Terra\/Aqua MODIS volcanic ash height retrieval values (click to play animation)<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Calbuco volcano in southern Chile erupted around 2103 UTC or 6:03 pm local time on 22 April 2015. The first good satellite view of the volcanic cloud was provided by the 2138 UTC or 6:38 pm local time GOES-13 (GOES-East) 0.63 \u00b5m visible channel and 10.7 \u00b5m IR channel images (above). The coldest cloud-top […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":18208,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,43,12,53,45,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18206","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-goes-13","category-goes-15","category-modis","category-real-earth","category-redgreenblue-rgb-images","category-volcanic-activity"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18206","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18206"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18206\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18224,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18206\/revisions\/18224"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18208"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18206"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18206"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimss.ssec.wisc.edu\/satellite-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18206"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}